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Instrumental Improvements

In order to create a successful calibration technique and understand data quality assurance, it was necessary to carefully examine MkIII data. A meeting was conducted to review data spanning the lifetime of the MkIII. Comparison of MkIII data taken since 1980 confirmed the overall consistent quality of the raw data. Problem time periods could be traced to volcanic eruptions, and one period of poor optical alignment.

The primary ongoing problem was calibration. Due to systematic errors in the original calibration technique, there were negative intensity regions near the poles and excessively bright regions near the equator. Some of these errors were attributed to telescope polarization at the first objective lens, , since orientation of the polarization pattern rotated when the was rotated. The calibration opal also had systematic polarization which needed to be accounted for in the calibration. After accounting for all instrumental polarization, there remained the possibility of residual polarization due to the sky. Concentric rings and radial rays were in the calibrated images. The intensity images often showed one pole brighter than the other with peaks of intensity at some scan azimuths. There was a systematic azimuthal offset between clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) scans.

Hardware and software changes were implemented to improve data quality. The gain of the intensity channel was increased from .25 to 1.0 to reduce digitization level limitations. Similarly, the gain of the polarization channel was increased to the maximum. A new calibration technique was developed which nearly eliminated the negative and positive problem regions and concentric rings. Systematic errors dropped from 20-30npB to about 3npB, where one npB unit is equivalent to a polarization brightness of the brightness of the solar disk. New calibration greatly reduced the radial rays. Scans are now corrected to the average azimuth of CW and CCW rotations which allows summing without loss of spatial resolution. Summing ten or more images additionally reduced the rays and brought the random noise level down to less than 1npB from its original 3npB level. A technique which removes residual sky polarization was applied to each scan.

The centering system and guider cells were adjusted throughout the year so that the solar image and scan, respectively, stayed centered on the occulting disk. Spikes in the intensity at some azimuths were discovered and traced to unmasked holes in the telescope. Access covers were replaced to seal holes in the telescope. A program was established to monitor the scattered light level due to the and inform the observers when cleaning was necessary. This along with routine cleaning of the lens has improved the calibrations.

Intensity measurements through the calibration tilt plates revealed an unexpectedly low transmission; the calibration tilt plates were made of ``float'' glass which has absorption bands in the passband of the instrument. The index of refraction of these plates was unknown, making the calibration factor derived from that index similarly unknown. Calibration tilt plates were replaced with ones of a known material, BK7.


next up previous contents
Next: Calibration Technique Up: Data Quality Previous: Data Quality



Rebecca Ruttenberg
Sun Mar 30 14:59:44 MST 1997